Childrens Behavior Is Worst Today Than Ten Years Ago

Behavior is an action or reaction to the environment or to internal thoughts and emotions. Behavioral symptoms are persistent or repetitive behaviors that are unusual, disruptive, inappropriate, or cause problems. Aggression, attitude, criminal behavior, defiance, drug use, hostility, inappropriate sexual behavior, inattention, secrecy, and self-harm is examples of behavioral symptoms. When you are asked about someone’s behavior you think of etiquette, culture, form, manners, mores, proprieties; ps and q’s; amenity, civility, courtesy, politeness; attitude, carriage, poise, pose, posture, presence; aspect, look, mien; formality, protocol, rules; custom, habit, pattern, practise, trick, wont; convention, fashion, form, mode, style;†¦show more content†¦Causes in behavior stem from bullying, discipline, and mental health problems and illness. As a parent, of three children it can be hard to know if your child misbehaves at school. If you hear that your child is acting out, whether its a comment written in his or her agenda or a report card or something mentioned to you in a parent-teacher conference, how do you know if it is a one-time problem or a constant behavioral issue? I recall in 1999 the month of April. The United States had its first crisis in a school setting. Many children are bringing guns, knives, and even bombs to school. Why? Do they hate their teachers that badly? Is someone bullying them? Why are these things happening in the schools? A school is a place where children can go to be educated. I feel that since God has been taken out of the equation, trouble has found its way into our schools across the country. Child’s behavior is worse today than it was ten years ago. Adults influence children by stating their expectations for desired behavior and helping children understand that there are boundaries, or limits, on behavior. 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Cooking Rice and Peas Jamaican Style Free Essays

Many people identify Jamaica with beautiful white sand beaches with clear blue waters. Jamaica offers more than unspoiled nature, given its motto – Out of many one people, one will find a mixture of ethnicities and more which have impacted on some of the traditional dishes we now prepare today. One such traditional dish is rice and peas, which has become famous as one of our Sunday Jamaican dishes. We will write a custom essay sample on Cooking Rice and Peas Jamaican Style or any similar topic only for you Order Now Rice and peas is prepared using a combination of rice and peas. This dish provides a good source of complex carbohydrates and a healthy balance of proteins; the addition of herbs such as pimento seeds, fresh thyme and scallion gives this dish a wonderful aroma and an unusual â€Å"kick† to the olfactory glands. This dish is usually served with meat, poultry or fish, as the rice and peas counteracts the spiciness of the main meat dish. Preparing this dish is not as complicated as one may think, and if one takes a chance to try it, then one might just find themselves loving it. The four major steps that are involved in the making of this dish are the gathering of the ingredients, the preparation of the peas, the extraction of the coconut milk and the cooking process. First, you will need to gather all the needed ingredients to make the rice and peas. The appetizing set of ingredients vital for this dish are: red kidney beans, rice, garlic, green scotched bonnet pepper, escallion, thyme, salt to taste and coconut milk or a coconut. Please remember that the coconut milk and the herbs used are very essential for the taste of this dish and it will make the difference from the other types of rice dishes that you might have had before. Several pieces of equipment are also necessary: medium-sized bowl, measuring cup, fork and spoon and a pot. Having obtained all of the specified ingredients and equipment, the next step is the preparation of the peas or beans and the dry coconut. Many types of beans can be used such as red kidney beans, pigeon peas, gungo peas and black-eyed beans and cowpeas. If fresh peas are being used then these have to be washed and boiled for forty-five (45) minutes or more until tender. If dried beans are used, soaking them overnight in plenty of cold garlic water is recommended. After that rinse and drain the soaked beans and boil in fresh salted water until tender. The peas can be tested to see if they are cooked by crushing them against the lid of the pot. If they crush easily, then you are ready to move on to the next step. The next step is the extraction of the coconut milk. Using a metal skewer the softest eye of the coconut must be pierced to drain the liquid into a bowl. With a hammer or the back of a heavy machete break shell and with the point of a sturdy knife pry the meat out of the shell in chunks doing so carefully. Grate coconut on small tear drop shaped holes of a four sided grater or finely chop in a food processor or a blender. To make the coconut milk, water should be added to the grated coconut pulp and be left in the bowl for about five (5) minutes. Using a fine sieve or cloth pressed in the hand to extract the liquid and keep out the coconut pulp. It is important to note that once the liquid is extracted hot water can once again be poured on the same coconut flesh to make another extract. You are now ready to begin cooking. The previous step is very important because the coconut milk helps to add the unique flavour to this traditional meal. The extracted coconut milk along with garlic is added to the pot in which the peas and water have been simmering. When the peas are fully cooked, salt, uncut scotch bonnet pepper, thyme and escallion are added to the pot. The aroma from the herbs makes their presence known and there will be a strong sinus healing smell that will tickle the inside of your nose. After all the ingredients have been cooking together for a time or more importantly when the peas are fully tender and deemed to be cooked, the washed rice is then added to pot. A fork or wooden spoon can be used to combine everything. It is recommended that this dish be prepared on a low fire until done. If all the steps above are followed, one can say that they have now mastered the art of cooking Jamaican rice and peas from scratch using a combination of basic ingredients found in Jamaica. The processing time is approximately two (2 hours or more. I’m quite sure that given the tastiness of this dish it will be eaten in less time than that. Please follow all the suggested steps and include all the listed necessary ingredients and you will see or rather taste the end result. How to cite Cooking Rice and Peas Jamaican Style, Papers

Course Outline of Production Operation Management (Pom) free essay sample

The primary objective of the course is to provide the students with an understanding of the theories, models, problems, issues, and techniques related to the management of operations both in manufacturing and service sectors. This includes analyses of various tasks performed and decisions made by operation managers, both tactically and strategically. The operations function plays a vital role in achieving a company’s strategic plans. Since the operations function produces the goods and provides the services, it typically involves the greatest portion of the company mployees and is responsible for a large portion of the firm’s capital assets. It has a major impact on quality and is often the visible face of company with which the customer must deal. Customer service, product/service, quality issues, and the effectiveness of many customer interactions are all operations activities. In the face of increased international competition, Pakistani firms have lost market share and have not responded by working to improve both their operating efficiencies and the quality of their goods and services. We will write a custom essay sample on Course Outline of Production Operation Management (Pom) or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page With this renewed emphasis on operations, it has become increasingly important that students have an understanding of operations management and its significance to the success of the companies where they will work. To gain a competitive edge, Pakistani organizations need sound production/operations strategies. This is particularly true today, given the pressures of global competition and the need to satisfy ever more demanding customers. Operations functions appear as a powerful tool for achieving organizational objectives and strategies. Learning Objectives The aim of this course is to provide a clear, well-structured and interesting treatment of Production/Operations Management as it applies to a variety of businesses and organizations. The course is intended to provide both a logical path through the activities of operations management and an understanding of the strategic context in which operations managers’ work. †¢ Strategic in its perspective of operations management’s contribution to the organization’s long-term success. We are unambiguous in treating the operation function as being at the center to most organization’s drive to improve their competitiveness. Conceptual in the way it explains the reasons why operations managers need to take decisions in each activity. Although some quantitative techniques are included, their primary aim is to illustrate the underlying principles of operation decisions. †¢ Comprehensive in its coverage of the significant ideas and issues which are relevant to most types of operations. †¢ Practical in the sense that the issues and difficulties in making operations management decisions in practice are discussed, and generally the treatment of topics reflects actual operations practice. This course is practical also that Case Exercise illustrating the approaches taken by actual companies are used to illustrate operations issues. Attendance Policy As you may all know very well by this time that the University (FUU) adheres to very strict attendance policy (i. e. minimum 75% mandatory attendance). As usual roll will be taken at the beginning of each class meeting. No one will be allowed to enter the classroom five minutes after the class starting time since it cause interruptions in the class activities. Professional conduct is expected throughout the course. Besides this, It is assumed that you have read all the policies and guidelines of the University regarding attendance, academic dishonesty, deadlines and so on and so forth Team Work There will be substantial Team work in this class. This is the need of today’s corporate world, and we have to learn how to pull our right slack while working in teams. Instructor as well as fellow team members, at end of the course, will evaluate each team member. Part of the grade of the team project(s) will be dependent on peer evaluations which is only for the developmental purposes and will be kept strictly confidential. Unannounced Quizzes There will be minimum four unannounced quizzes taken randomly throughout this course. Three best will be considered for grading. These quizzes will be handed out in the beginning of the class meetings and if you are late in class, you will miss that quiz. There are absolutely no make ups for these quizzes. Case Studies There may be cases assigned to groups and these cases will be resolved in team efforts. A short written report will be required along with the presentation of that case. Presenters will play the role of Management Consultants and the class will act as Board of Directors and will interact with the consultants at the end of the presentation to express their concerns and opinions. Term Project or Book Review You will be given case study or in lieu thereof book reviews relevant to the field of OM, Subject to availability of time. When awarded, details will be discussed in the class. Industrial Visit/Seminar An industrial visit and/or a seminar relating to the subject matter would be arranged.

Looking At The Human Rights Policys In Australia Social Work Essay Essay Example

Looking At The Human Rights Policys In Australia Social Work Essay Essay This paper will research the human rights issue of Autochthonal disadvantage in Australia. In peculiar I am interested in Autochthonal Unemployment and stoping Autochthonal disadvantage through the GenerationOne societal motion. As portion of work for this paper I have actively participated in fall ining the motion every bit good as acquiring involved by directing my thoughts on farther publicity for this run. This paper will critically analyze the action which I have taken and mensurate it against a human rights based attack. Presently in the media there is an on-line run active which is called GenerationOne . It is the creative activity of billionaire excavation baron Andrew Forrest and is led by former Labor Party national run manager Tim Gartrell. It is financially supported by other extremely recognized concern leaders such as James Packer, Kerry Stokes and Lindsay Fox to call a few. It is aimed at eliminating the inequality and disadvantage of laden and marginalised Indigenous groups. The run is a response to a impression that there needs to be great alteration in this state to stop all Autochthonal disadvantages peculiarly environing the high rates of Autochthonal unemployment. It is foregrounding the fact that instruction can be a tool for stoping Autochthonal disadvantage. GenerationOne is the topographic point for Australians to let go of their passion, in three chief countries: instruction, occupations and job-ready preparation. We will write a custom essay sample on Looking At The Human Rights Policys In Australia Social Work Essay specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Looking At The Human Rights Policys In Australia Social Work Essay specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Looking At The Human Rights Policys In Australia Social Work Essay specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer This cause is personally relevant to me as I have worked extensively in the yesteryear with immature Indigenous Youth. I besides worked with ATSIC ( Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Commission ) before it was abolished. My work with Indigenous Youth in the interior metropolis of Sydney alerted me to high rate of Autochthonal unemployment. The young person that I worked closely with were unmotivated and felt suppressed by their disadvantage. In most instances it was generational with many of the Indigenous young person turning up with households who were reliant entirely on Government benefits. There was a high rate of high school dropouts and I ran several out of school plans with these young person to seek and promote them to remain at school and go on their instruction. GenerationOne promoted their cause through several mediums of the media. These included several advertizements on telecasting and wireless every bit good as a roadshow. The roadshow has been extended for one month due to the response from the populace. The roadshow has travelled all over Australia sing major metropoliss every bit good as towns with a high Autochthonal population. The purpose of this is to travel from community to community to raise consciousness and set frontward the chances that are at that place to work together to back up employment, to back up concern, to back up autochthonal Australians that have been disadvantaged. The run is being portrayed in a positive manner through different signifiers of media Nationwide. The group has set up a Youtube channel ( Generation One TVC ) every bit good as advertizements on the major webs on telecasting The merely negative thing I saw in relation to the human rights issue of stoping Autochthonal disadvantage was when I was watching the NRL on the 7th May, Channel Nine cut the Welcome to the state ceremonial being performed senior Joy Murphy. It made me inquiry this negative illustration of media in coming up against the work that GenerationOne is really seeking to accomplish. The response on the Facebook web site ( 2010 ) has been promoting with a batch of people seting themselves behind this grass roots motion. People both Indigenous and non-Indigenous are saying that they feel it is about clip to stop the disparity. There have been great argument and treatment on the Facebook page approximately ways in which instruction and preparation can assist eliminate this societal job. The most relevant human rights compact under which this issue falls is the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights . In Australia, we have the Australian Human Rights Commission ( HREOC ) . The Human Rights Commission ( HREOC ) web site ( 2010 ) states that the The International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights ( ICCPR ) besides prohibits favoritism before the jurisprudence on any land such as race, coloring material, sex, linguistic communication, faith, political or other sentiment, national or societal beginning, belongings, birth or other position ( article 26 ) . The United Nations adopted the United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Autochthonal Peoples. This declaration recognizes equality between Indigenous and non-Indigenous people and the rights of Autochthonal peoples. As being pertinent to the cause of stoping Autochthonal disadvantage it reaffirms that Autochthonal people can set up themselves in regard to political, economic and societal sweeteni ng in order to stop all favoritism and subjugation wherever it may happen. The UN besides affirms that nil in this declaration can take away from the rights to self-government of the Autochthonal people. As good we have the Convention Refering Discrimination in Respect of Employment and Occupation ( International Labour Organisation Convention figure 111 ) . This compact was ratified in Australia on the 15th June, 1973 and is filed under: C111 Discrimination ( Employment and Occupation ) Convention, 1958. ( International Labour Organisation ( ILO ) ) . In Australia, we have the Australian Human Rights Commission ( HREOC ) . I foremost became cognizant of this run in March when I saw an advertizement on the telecasting and besides saw an article in the Sydney Morning by Gibson and Howard ( 2010 ) . The newspaper article was about the coming together of extremely influential people ( viz. James Packer, Andrew Twiggy Forrest and Kerry Stokes ) at the Opera House. They were doing a pledge to assist close the spread and stop the disparity between non-Indigenous and Autochthonal Aussies. I found this issue peculiarly relevant to me because of my background working with Autochthonal communities. I besides have two immature kids who will turn to see the disparity between the non-Indigenous and Autochthonal people if something is now done now. I want my kids to be taught that everyone is equal. History has non shown this to be true and I hope that instruction in our schools can include the history of the Autochthonal Australians. I believe that cooperation from all should be encouraged over the coming old ages to reconstruct equality and I will be explicating all sides to my kids. Harmonizing to Bennett all citizens of this state are every bit eligible to all awards, topographic points and employments, harmonizing to their different abilities, without other differentiation than that of their virtuousnesss and endowments ( 1999:7 ) Australian society can be responsible for doing this alteration and stoping the divide between non-Indigenous and Autochthonal people. It is a countrywide attack that is needed. GenerationOne is about traveling frontward as one state. Society on a whole can non be coherent without engagement of everyone in it. Australian society can come together and do the dreams of Autochthonal people to take part in instruction, preparation and employment. There has been a history of Autochthonal activism most notably that of the Mabo instance. Important surveies have documented facets of historical activism ( Attwood, 2003 ) . Yet there remains unusually small literature that explores the modern-day societal motion activism that is still trying to accomplish these rights. Histories have been recorded, alteration has been documented and rights articulated, but much remains to be done to enter the experiences and positions of autochthonal militants themselves. While political sentiment is divided refering both the causes of, and solutions to, this state of affairs, there is some consensus around the impression that any effectual solutions must be arrived at and delivered by autochthonal peoples themselves. Militants will be cardinal to accomplishing and presenting better results for Autochthonal peoples. Militants are unable to portion their cognition and positions with one other if they avoid struggle by staying isolated from one anot her in their several webs. A deficiency of connexion between militants with differing positions diminishes the motion as a whole. This is why GenerationOne, being a countrywide grassroots motion, can see militants from all parts of the Australia come together to advance one cause which is to stop Autochthonal disadvantage. The inquiry I asked myself was how is my engagement traveling to alter this state of affairs? I understand though that I can go on my action manner beyond what is the clip kingdom of this session. Therefore, the action that I have taken during the current session of survey to go involved in this issue has been to subscribe up and go an active member in the GenerationOne on-line motion. I have signed an on-line request to assist eliminate the disparity between non-Indigenous and Autochthonal Australians. I have besides joined their Facebook fan Page and have sent out an invitation to all of my contacts through Facebook to fall in the motion besides. Social working can be the fastest manner to link with people to acquire the word out and in this instance advance the run. The current coevals are technologically literate and so I think the on-line motion is a great manner to advance alteration. It is a fast and effectual manner to be active in your community both local and national. Another thought I had was to acquire in contact with the people behind GenerationOne and inquire them if they had promoted the cause through the Koori Mail. I thought that sing this run had been to a great extent covered in mainstream newspapers ( SMH, Telegraph ) that it would make good in the Koori Mail with the high population of Autochthonal readers. I wrote an electronic mail saying that I was a societal work pupil desiring to assist the cause. I let them cognize that I had had old experience working with Autochthonal Communities in Sydney particularly immature people as my function as a Youth Worker. I enquired as to whether they had promoted ( I had researched on the cyberspace and found no entries ) GenerationOne through the Koori Mail. I explained that I would wish to assist organize this if possible. This was their response via electronic mail: Hey Jodie, This is amazing. We have really been in contact with the Koori Mail and we will in future. This is a great thought. Have you besides signed up to the website www.generationone.org.au and you can travel to the media subdivision which will demo you all our articles. It would be great if you could subscribe up to the web site and promote your uni friends and all your other friends to subscribe up every bit good. Will maintain in touch. Cheers Gen1 My response to them was yes, that I had signed up to the motion and notified my friends to besides make the same and that I would appreciate if they let me cognize any farther development. I emailed them a twosome of hebdomads subsequently to inquire whether there had been any farther development on this. This is the response via electronic mail that I got: Hi Jodie, As I said below we are speaking to Koori mail and will be seting something in. We do nt desire to hotfoot it and desire to acquire a good narrative. We are making an interview with Tania Major this forenoon on Koori Radio 1030am and they will play out the Bob Geldof address from Brisbane. We are decidedly acquiring at that place the roadshow is extended for another month so we have some clip up our arms. We will draw something together as asap Respects Kate My hope is that they give me the chance to demo my support to the cause by leting me to assist organize this media coverage. I await their response. I believe that by my being cognizant of this human rights issue and subsequent run is action in itself. It makes me believe about this issue on a day-to-day footing which so affects my ideas when I may read something or come across something on the telecasting By definition the function of societal workers is a human rights worker. Social workers help to gain person s rights every twenty-four hours. Autochthonal communities are really frequently social work clients . Calma ( 2008 ) recognises that as societal workers we will necessitate to travel towards a rights based pattern to develop single capacity. The values and rules of human self-respect and self worth in the Social Workers Code of Ethics, already seem to construct a base for a human rights based societal work pattern. The human rights based attack can be seen as most of import when working with the Indigenous community. It is critical for us as societal workers to perpetrate to the cardinal rules of societal work to help Autochthonal people to make their human rights. Elsewhere I have stated that I chose to research Autochthonal disadvantage as a human rights issue because of my history of working with the Indigenous community. The disparity that is apparent and that I have witnessed firsthand has led me to go really passionate about seeking to set an terminal to it. When I found the GenerationOne run I was interested that a adult male from a non-Indigenous background had performed such a undertaking as doing a connexion with both the Indigenous and non-Indigenous people of this state. By conveying people together no affair what their background is to organize a corporate voice can be one of the most powerful signifiers of activism. I understand that everything is non evident at surface degree and that that merely after turn overing up my arms and acquiring genuinely involved in a human rights motion will I appreciate the results and the sense of fulfilment that comes with engagement. Having cognition of the political, societal and theoretical for ces that influence such human rights issue such as Autochthonal disadvantage, will let me to understand the work and gimmick nuances which may be overlooked. Unfortunately clip in this instance has non allowed me to to the full dig into this issue to my full extent. I will follow up with the action I have taken and seek to my best ability see it through if allowed to. Working with Indigenous people/communities allows me to research my anti-oppressive work. Thompson ( 2003 ) defines the results of favoritism to be subjugation. Autochthonal people have been discriminated against for old ages. This entrenched favoritism becomes of import when we look at the current coevals of Indigenous young person fighting to go on their instruction and finally acquire a occupation. I believe that the societal work profession must work towards eliminating subjugation ( Domenilli, 2002 ) . I agree that anti-oppressive pattern is an effectual societal work pattern tool for deriving a better apprehension of the Autochthonal people and the marginalization and exclusion from mainstream society. I say this in respects to employment and preparation and holding the same entree to instruction so as to be able to take part in society by deriving meaningful employment. It can besides maximise the potency of societal work to advance societal justness. I do nt believe I have done plenty in respects to affecting myself in this peculiar issue. I feel I could hold gone one measure further and involved myself with a local young person group and possibly put up a workshop or talk with a outstanding Indigenous concern individual or sportsperson to take part in mentoring these immature people. If I had were non time-bound I could hold organised this and I feel that my state of affairs at place hindered me in go oning farther. When nearing this issue I was cognizant that coming from a rights-based attack was manner in which I needed to see it. Bing cognizant of the fact that working from a human rights position required a praxis preparation ( Ife, 2008 ) . Knowing the history behind this cause has given me adequate information to set the theory into my pattern. Although theory and pattern has for some clip been seen as two separate entities, over the old ages it is seen more and more to be good for societal work pattern to develop in this manner. I agree with Ife when he states that we learn by making and we do by larning ( 2008, p160 ) . I have learned a batch through the action I have taken in respects to this human rights issue. I have discovered that it is an ethically disputing subject which I have confronted but have non felt out of my deepness. By working through any ethical quandary which I may hold had has helped me place privileges every bit good as unseeable ways in which I comply with dominant political orientation. Through self contemplation of my feelings, values, and beliefs it has allowed me to face subjugation and back up my life-long learning/professional development. By affecting myself in this grass motion I feel that I have challenged myself as a societal work pupil and have seen merely what I am capable of in respects to activism. It is non about being afraid to set myself out at that place but about being passionate for the cause with I support and acquiring the most out it that I can. I believe this will assist me farther in my calling. Decision In decision, Autochthonal people have faced jobs with their battle for equality of chance. They have faced a life-time of exclusion from mainstream society. With GenerationOne the hope is that this will be the coevals to stop all disparity and work towards assisting the Autochthonal people to be self-determinate. I have gained a batch of knowing experience by fall ining this human rights run and I hope to go on my work with them.

The factors effecting Insulators Essays

The factors effecting Insulators Essays The factors effecting Insulators Essay The factors effecting Insulators Essay Essay Topic: Sula Introduction: I will be investigating the rate of cooing, by using various numbers of layers of insulators round a beaker of hot water. The science which effect my investigation are as follows:Conduction is a transfer of heat energy through a substance from the hotter region to the cooler region without any movement of the substance itself. As the substance is heated, free electrons spread through the substance bumping into other electrons and passing on Kinetic energy. Gradually energy is transferred along the substance. Radiation is the transfer of heat energy through waves. Hot objects emit mainly infrared radiation which can pass through a vacuum i.e. No medium is needed for its transfer. How much radiation is given out or taken in by an object depends on its surfaceIn this experiment I could have many variables. Ranging from colour to size. They are:- The material of my cup (ceramic, metal, glass, polythene, plastic)- The layers of insulators (no layers, 1layer, 2layer etc) [this is what I have chosen to use as my variable]- Different types of insulators (wool, bubble wrap, foam, cotton, paper)- Different colours of insulators. (Black, transparent,)Research and preliminary experiment:For when I did my Preliminary experiment I found out that writing down the results every Thirty Seconds was not sufficient. As the results did not have a good spread out drop. So we decided to change it to every Two Minutes.Also, the temperature of the water was at 85?c. But using that as the starting temperature we found that the water would not boil up to that temperature. And so we would have to re-heat the water to get it to the exact temperature we wanted. Which took up a lot of our time. So we decided to drop it by 5?c. So, in the real experiment we will have the water at 80?c.I think that in the end result the graph will look something like:Prediction:I predict that when I change the amount of layers of bubble-wrap around my beaker, the more laye rs there are the slower the rate of cooling will be. So, therefore the fewer numbers of layers I use the quicker the rate of cooling.This is what I think will happen. Because I am using bubble-wrap as my insulator the bubbles in the material have trapped air in them. So, when the high temperature from the water tries to escape the trapped air will act as a barrier and will hold in as much as possible. So, therefore the rate of cooling will be very less.I think this will happen because as the beaker is made of copper, which is a good conductor, the high temperature of the water will reduce rapidly.Diagram:Plan of ExperimentApparatus I will use in this experiment:- Electric water kettle- 125ml of hot water (at 80?c)- Measuring cylinder- Thermometer- Copper beaker- Insulator (bubble-wrap)- Stop-clockDiagram of my experiment set-up:Method:- Boil the water in an electric kettle.- Pour the water into a measuring cylinder. And measure until 125ml.- Put in a thermometer and measure at 80c.- Pour the water into a copper beaker (with our without insulator).- Put on the timer.- And note down the temperature every 2minutes. Until 10minutes.In this experiment I will be measuring the temperature drop every two minutes. I will do this by having a stop-clock to measure the temperature at exactly two minutes each time.I will carry out this experiment at least three times so that I can take an average, which will be more accurate and precise.Safety:In this experiment I will be handling hot water. So, I could have several different types of accidents. Like for example:- The hot water could spill on to someone which can lead to them burning themselves or even worse. So, I must make sure that when carrying out my experiment no one is sitting down on a chair. All chairs are tucked in. Bags are in the cupboards and there is nothing that anyone could trip over from.- When pouring the water out into the basin after conducting the experiment the beaker will be extremely hot! (Near boil ing point) So if I handle it by hand then I could burn myself, or I could drop the water causing the water to either spill onto someone, or it could spill onto the floor and someone could easily trip over it and hurt themselves.Variable Fair test:There will only be ONE thing that will change throughout the entire experiment. This will be the amount of layers around the beaker.I have to make sure nothing changes except my variable. So everything else has to be kept the same to make this a fair test. The things I will have to keep the same are:- The amount of water used- The temperature of water- The insulator material must always be Bubble-wrapResults:Result 1:LayersBegin at2min4min6min8min10min080c75c71c67c63c61c180c78c76c73c70c68c280c78c75c74c73c71c380c79c77c75c73c72c480c79c78c76c75c74cResults 2:LayersBegin at2min4min6min8min10min080c78c74c70c67c65c180c78c75c72c70c68c280c77c76c75c74c70c380c78c77c75c73c72c480c78c76c75c74c73cAverage results:LayersBegin at2min4min6min8min10min080c76. 5c72.5c68.5c65c63c180c78c75.5c72.5c70c68c280c77.5c76c74.5c73.5c70.5c380c78.5c77c75c73c72c480c78.5c77c75.5cc74.5c73.5cGraph:Gradients of the graph:0 layers -1.26984121 layer -1.17647052 layers -1.13475173 layers -1.11111114 layers -1.0884353The gradient is a Negative.I have also put my results onto a bar chart to help see clearly what is happening every two minutes. By looking at the bar chart you can easily see the difference in the rate of cooling. The non-layered beaker is dropping down at a faster rate, compared to the beaker with more layers, which is increasing at a quicker rate.Conclusion:The shape of the graph is a curve. The gradient goes downwards. As the amount of time (every 2 minutes) increases, the rate of cooling decreases. The gradient does not steep. What I mean by this is that as the amount of layers increases the temperature of hot water drops down gradually. This is the usual shape you get when things tend to cool down. The X axis is the Time every two minutes. Th e Y axis is the temperature in ?c. When things are hot they cool down very fast. But, the more insulators there is around the substance the longer it takes to cool down. Therefore, when I use four layers of bubble-wrap it will take longer to cool down. Whereas when I have no layers of bubble-wrap the quicker it cooled down.Looking back at my prediction I see that what I had predicted was exactly right. The beaker with no layers of insulation had dropped at a very rapid speed. Compared to the beaker with four layers of insulation. Which dropped at a slower speed. The principle was exactly the same.The beaker that had no layers on insulation would take in the high temperature, and because the beaker was made of metal it was a good conductor of heat energy so the heat would escape very quickly. Whereas the beaker with lots of layers would help keep the high temperature within itself. And stop it from escaping. This is because of the type of insulation we used. The bubble warp has air b ubbles inside itself. This helps to keep the heat inside as much as possible.Evaluation:My experiment did not go as I had planned. My graph tells me that some of my results were fairly accurate. But a few of my results were anomalous results. I can tell this from my graph by looking at the bar chart, where it is much clearer to see the difference in temperature every two minutes. If you look closely at the bar chart you will notice that at two minutes the temperature of the one layer was slightly above the beaker with two layers. This cannot be right because the beaker with 1 layer should drop down in temperature quicker then the beaker with 2 layers. Because the beaker with 2 layers has more insulation around it. This could be because we didnt take down the results properly or my average wasnt right. I tried to make my results accurate by making sure everything that I do was a fair test. We came across some difficulties whilst conducting this experiment. Like for instance, we were supposed to take out three results and then take out an average. But because time was of an essence we could only take out the experiment twice. So, our average isnt as precise as it should be.I could improve my investigation by, like I said before conducting my experiment three times at least, so that I can take out a reliable average. Also this would help us to draw out accurate conclusions. If we had shared results with other groups this would of helped us to see if we went wrong anywhere or if they went wrong anywhere. So we could fix the problem.My method was good. It was quick, simple and easy to follow by. Especially once we got use to how to do it.I think that my conclusion is very accurate. I drew my conclusion out of previous knowledge, textbooks, class notes and by doing this investigation. I had enough evidence to help draw up this conclusion. To help get even more evidence for my conclusion I could do another type of investigation similar to this.

List of Prefixes and Suffixes and their Meanings

List of Prefixes and Suffixes and their Meanings List of Prefixes and Suffixes and their Meanings List of Prefixes and Suffixes and their Meanings By Mark Nichol This post lists prefixes, suffixes, and their meanings. (Many scientific and mathematical prefixes have been omitted.) Groups of one or more definitions after a prefix that are separated by a semicolon stem from different senses of the prefix. Note, too, that some prefixes share the spelling of distinct words (for example, under) or have been coined as distinct words themselves by omitting the base word when that word is implied (for example, hyper). Many prefixes have variants that are used depending on context or, often, on the first letter of the base word. List of Prefixes a- or an-: at, in or in the process of, on; not, without acro- or acr-: beginning, end, height, peak, summit, tip, top ad- or (first sense only) ac-, af-, ag-, al-, ap-, as-, or at-: to, toward; adjacent to, near aero-: air, atmosphere, aviation, gas after-: following, lower, rear, resulting ambi-: both ante-: before, forward, prior or prior to anti- or ant- or anth-: against, alleviating, curing, opposed, opposite, preventing arch- or (second sense only) arche- or archi-: chief, extreme, principal; original, primary, primitive auto- or aut-: automatic, same one, self or self-acting bi- or (second sense only) bio-: between, double, two, twice; biographical, life chrono- or chron-: time circum-: about, around co-: alternate, deputy, fellow, in or to the same degree, joint, partner, together, with com-, col-, or con-: jointly, together, with contra-: against, contrary, contrasting counter-: against, complementary, contrary, corresponding, duplicate, opposing, retaliatory, substitute crypto- or crypt-: coded, covered, hidden cyber-: pertaining to computers or computer networks de-: derived from something, do the opposite, get off of, reduce, remove from, reverse of, something derived from di- or (first sense only) dia-: containing two, double, twice, twofold: daytime dis-: absence or opposite of, completely, deprive of, do the opposite of, exclude or expel from, not dys-: abnormal, bad, difficult, impaired en- or em-: cause to be, cover, go in or into, provide with, put into or onto, so as to cover, thoroughly epi-: after, attached to, besides, outer, over, upon extra-: beyond, outside extro-: outward fore-: at or in front, before, earlier geo-: earth, ground, soil hetero- or heter-: different, other homo- or hom-: alike, homosexual, one and the same, similar hyper-: above, beyond, excessive hypo- or hyp-: beneath, down, less than usual, under in-, il-, im-, or ir-: not; before, in or into, on, toward, within infra-: below, within inter-: among, between, between the limits of, carried on between, derived from two or more, existing between, in the midst of, involving, located between, occurring between, reciprocal or reciprocally, shared by, within intra-: between layers of, during, within intro-: in, into, inward, within macro-: large, long mal-: abnormal or abnormally, bad or badly, inadequate or inadequately mega- or megal- or megalo-: great, large, million, surpassing meta-: after, behind, beyond, change, later, transcending, transformation micro- or micr-: abnormally small, millionth, minute, pertaining to a minute qualities or a small area, small mid-: in the middle or the midst mini-: briefer, smaller mis- or (second sense only) miso-: bad or badly, opposite of, not, suspiciously, unfavorably, wrong or wrongly; hatred mono- or mon-: alone, one, single multi-: many, many times over, more than one or two, multiple, much neo- or ne-: new, recent noct-, nocti-, or nocto-: night or during the night non-: absence of, lacking, not, other than, reverse of, unimportant, worthless omni-: all, universally over-: excessive, surpassing para- or par-: abnormal, accessory, almost, alongside of, aside from, beside, beyond, faulty, related, resembling, subsidiary; parachute ped-, (first sense only) pedi-, or pedo-: base, foot; child or childhood philo- or phil-: attracted to, enjoying, loving, requiring phono- or phon-: sound, speech, voice photo- or phot-: light, radiant energy poly-: excessive, increased, many, much, multiple, several post-: after, behind, following, later, posterior, subsequent pre-: anterior to, before, beforehand, earlier than, in advance, in front of, preparatory to, prerequisite to, prior to pro-: anterior, before, earlier than, in front of, precursory, prior to, projecting, rudimentary; championing, favoring, substituting for, supporting proto-: beginning, first, giving rise to, primary pseudo- or pseud-: false, spurious, substitute, temporary, related, resembling re-: again, anew, back, backward semi-: half in quantity or time, or halfway through, incomplete or incompletely, partly, similar to sub-: almost, below, beneath, nearly, secondary, somewhat, subordinate, under, super-, supero-, or supra-: above, exceeding, extra, higher, more than, on, over and above, superior, surpassing, transcending sym- or syn-: at the same time, the same, together, united, with or along with thermo- or therm-: heat, thermoelectric tele- or (second sense only) tel- or telo-: distant; completion, end trans-: across, beyond, changed, through, transferred tri-, tripl-, tripla-, tripli-, or triplo-: into thirds, every third, three, thrice ultra-: beyond, transcending un-: contrary to, not, opposite of; deprive of, release, remove, reverse under-: below, beneath, facing downward, lower, short of, subjected, subordinate uni-: one, single List of Suffixes A suffix is an addition of one or more letters to the end of a word in order to change its grammatical function. One type of suffix, the grammatical, or inflectional, suffix, changes a word’s grammatical properties, as when an s is added to a noun to make it plural (for example, in the change to walk between â€Å"Take a walk† and â€Å"Take walks†) or to a verb when converting it to one applicable to the third person (for example, the change between â€Å"I walk† to â€Å"He walks†) or to indicate past tense (for example, the change between â€Å"I walk† to â€Å"I walked†). However, suffix usually refers to a derivational, or lexical suffix, which is attached to a word to change its function, either to another part of speech or to the same part of speech but with a distinct meaning. This post lists many common derivational suffixes, which are categorized according to which part of speech the suffix indicates. Noun Suffixes -acy: quality or state -al: action or process of -ance or -ence: action or process, quality or state, amount or degree (-ance only) -ant: agent or performer, or a thing that prompts an action or process, or one connected with or thing acted upon -dom: office or those having an office, place or state -er or -or: one that is, or does or performs; one associated with or belonging to; one that has, produces, or yields; one that lives in or is from (-er only); activity or condition (-or only) -ess: female -hood: character, condition, quality, or state, or individuals sharing a condition or state; instance or period -ics: knowledge, study, practice, or skill; discrimination or prejudice; condition, property, or state; characteristic actions or activities, or characteristic operations, phenomena, or qualities -ism: act, practice, or process; manner of action or behavior; belief, doctrine, religion, theory, or adherence to one; characteristic or peculiar feature or trait -ist: one that performs a specific action, specializes in a job or skill, or adheres to and/or advocates a code or doctrine -ite: adherent or follower, descendant, or native or resident, product; part or segment; fossil, mineral, or rock -ity or -ty: degree, quality, state -kind: category -like: characteristic of or resembling -lore: something learned, traditional belief or knowledge, body of knowledge, or tradition -ment: agent, object, or result; means or instrument; action or place of an action, or process; state or condition -ness: condition, degree, quality, or state -oid: something resembling -ology or -logy: branch of learning or study of a subject, or a narrative, thing said, or way of speaking -ship: condition, quality, or state; dignity, office, or profession; art or skill; one entitled to a designation or embodying or exhibiting a quality or state; body of people engaging in an activity -sion or -tion: quality Verb Suffixes -ate: become -en: become -ify or -fy: become or make -ize or -ise: become Adjective Suffixes -able or -ible: capable of being -al: characterized by, of, relating to -ant: being, performing or prompting -er: more than -esque: in a manner of, resembling -ful: notable for -ic or -ical: having the character or form of -ious or -ous: characterized by -ish: having the quality of -ist: characteristic of, of, relating to -ive: having the nature of -less: without -oid: resembling -y: characterized by Adverb Suffixes -er: more than -est: most -ily or -ly: quality, related to -ward or -wards: direction -wise: in relation to Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? 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Compare and contrast The Andy Griffith Show and I Love Lucy Essay

Compare and contrast The Andy Griffith Show and I Love Lucy - Essay Example There are no crimes for Andy to solve, and most of his work involves mediating, philosophizing and calming his cousin Deputy Barney. On the other hand, I love Lucy is the daily life story of a couple, Lucy and Ricky Ricardo. The two are married and bring out the contradiction in intercultural marriages that were quite strange at the time of this show. Lucy is an American woman whereas Ricky is a Cuban man. Lucy is a housewife and undergoes many funny and weird occurrences in her life. She makes many mistakes and Ricky is always excited when this happens as he gets a chance to correct her. The couple lives a real married life that also involves sensational moments aside from the funny occurrences that occur often. The couple lives in a simple home in a neighborhood that is filled with friendly people in terms of neighbors. The pace of the I Love Lucy show is fast and jovial, with neighbors moving from door to door without having to knock. The environment they live in and the lives they live allow them to interact freely and with ease. The pace of the show is lively through the musical performances by Ricky Ricardo. Lucy attempts to join some of these dances so as to enjoy them with her husband. This rather quick pace contradicts that of the Andy Griffith Show. This show is characterized by a slow pace that can be described as sleepy. This pace is because the life of Andy is not marked by crimes and subsequent investigations that make up the ordinary life of a Sheriff. He spends his time meditating and talking to his cousin Barney. He also solves problems with neighbors and gains a lot of popularity in the neighborhood. The setting of the I Love Lucy show is in the 1950s. It depicts a good environment in a black and white show. This film is set in an American environment that still finds it strange to have Americans married to non-Americans. Lucy’s husband is a Cuban, and couple shows the possibility

Reducing Radiation Exposure in Computed Tomography Angiography Dissertation

Reducing Radiation Exposure in Computed Tomography Angiography - Dissertation Example In the last twenty years, the diagnostic use of computed tomography scans has increased by a thousand percent. These scans do, obviously, make use of ionizing radiation to produce their images, which can be harmful to human health in even small dosages. Protecting the patient from harm is the cornerstone of the profession of radiology, and reducing radiation exposure while maintaining a high level of image quality and therefore diagnostic ability is vital. Key to this goal is understanding the use of computed tomography scans, the risks of their radiological effects, and the methods available to reduce exposure. Reducing exposure to radiation is the only way to make this important technology safer. The use of a computed tomography angiography scan allows the practitioner to view a patient's coronary arteries, their level of function, and even the quality of the arterial lumen. Computed tomography angiography scans are important to study when looking at radiation dosage because the scan area by definition includes such radiosensitive areas as the thyroid, the vascular tissue of the breasts, and of course the coronary arteries. Moving even further into imaging specialization for viewing the heart and related tissues is the technique of retrospective image acquisition, which produces images using 64-multi-row detector computed tomography angiography. This method scans the heart in overlapping slices, which allows it to show cardiac motion as well as all parts of the cardiac cycle.

Post Modern Dance Essay Example for Free

Post Modern Dance Essay Introduction   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   By the late 1950s, post-modern dance had refined its styles and its theories, and had emerged as a recognizable dance genre. It used stylized movements and energy levels in legible structures (theme and variations, ABA, and so on) to implicate emotions, tones and social conveyance. The choreography was buttressed by expressive characters of theater such as music, props, special lighting and costumes. The aspirations of post-modern dance, anti-academic from the first, were simultaneously primitivist and modernist[1]. Meanwhile, the new wave dance, which had seemingly replaced the post-modernistic era had issued characteristics similar to the post-modern dance through message implications, but also performs altered character through presentations themselves. The topic for the discussion involves the Twyla Tharp as the new wave dance and the post-modernistic dance. Twyla Tharp Choreography: Post-modern Era 1960-1973   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Twyla Tharp began her career in 1965, at the age of nearly 23, with Tank Dive, a work in three movements, choreographed for her and four non-dancers. It was performed partly to the accompaniment of Petula Clark’s recording of â€Å"downtown†[2]. In the dance world, perhaps only Twyla Tharp could have fitted such a definition at the time, but her work was not commonly considered post-modern dance[3]. Twyla Tharp’s early choreography explored many of the same experimental issues that interested the Judson choreographers, the Grand Union, and Meredith Monk[4]. Several of Tharp’s dances, beginning with Tank Dive (1963), contrasted dance and pedestrian movement vocabularies and mixed trained and untrained performers. Tharp could transpose movement from one context to another because of her various syntactic procedures. Whether the movement was pedestrian or theatrical in origin, Tharp manipulates it using simple mathematical equations or principles based on theme and variation[5]. Twyla Tharp had greatly contributed in the field of post-modern dance. By the end of 1973, she hit her greatest success in the field of post-modern dance. The water-shed in her career was Deuce Coupe (1973), which Robert Joffrey commissioned for his ballet company[6].   During this year, another generation of dance trend was born and Tharp’s contribution to the post-modern dance had greatly provided certain contributions to the New Wave modern dance of 1973. New Wave Modern Dance: 1973   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Meanwhile, the next generations of younger choreographers of 1973 such as Peter Gordon of Life Orchestra of 1977, Karole Armitage, Rhys Chatham, and many others had initiated the formulation of new wave dances. If Twyla Tharp performed in silence at the Judson Church in 1966, had diverged from the analytic postmodern line of inquiry because her choreography was so musically inclined, by the early 1980s, when the analytic choreographers â€Å"rediscovered† music and its various uses, such interest realigned the fields of dance steps and choreography. The next bearers of dance trends had differentiated themselves from their minimalist, analytic, anti-music forebears in a way that fit with the general cultural trend; in part to engage with their own artistic contemporaries in other fields. For the late seventies and early eighties, the younger generations of new music composers were often hybrid creations that endeavors pop experience and characteristics[7]. Modern dance today is a virtual accumulation of all the influences mentioned in the past evolution of dance steps. The plurality of perspectives has not dampened debate nor the tension that has continued to generate innovation in modern forms. The basic idea of dance in Tharp’s concept of post-modernistic dance has placed remains in the evolution of choreography evidently through instinctive pairings[8]. One example of modernistic evolution occurred in 1973 wherein the Alvin Ailey company revived Ted Shawn’s Kinetic Molpai and merged the tradition of white gay men with that if African American men. The achievement and influence of choreographers such as Trisha Brown and Twyla Tharp greatly revolutionize the characteristics of the new wave dance or the modern dance of 1970s[9]. Characteristics of New Wave Dance   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   During the trend of the late dance choreographers including Twyla Tharp, dance steps mainly connote ballet form. The term modern dance or new wave dance connotes absence to little presence of uniformity and synonymous steps. The most striking features of its development were that of a diversity of forms. New wave dance refers to performance art dance that is not founded on the ballet nor in the various forms of popular dance entertainment, although, relationships might still be traced since the basis of these modern steps were these classical or post-modernistic choreographies[10]. Modern dance chiefly aims the expression of an inner compulsion; but it has also seen the necessity for vital forms for this expression, and indeed has realized the aesthetic value of form in and of itself as an adjunct to this expression[11]. New wave dance possessed relatively increased dynamics and patterns of steps, which encourages freedom of movement through expression, emotions, or creative instinct of the dancer[12].   From this desire to externalize personal, authentic experience, it is evident that the scheme of modern dancing is all in the direction of individualism and away from standardization[13]. Twyla Tharp’s Involvement in Modern Dance   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The next wave dances were greatly influenced Tharp whose work has embraced both sides of all these pairings and indicated a shift toward a concern with the dance’s perceptual effects. Representation and abstraction, emotion and motion, content and form, and psyche and environment are the prime similarities of ballet dance step formulation of Tharp and the composition of next wave dances. However, the differentiations of these dances are the standardization and strict classicism of post-modern dance of Tharp, while next wave dances basically thrived free expressions[14]. Bibliography Julia L. Foulkes , â€Å"Modern Bodies: Dance and American Modernism from Martha Ailey†, UNC Press (2002)183 Martha Bremser, â€Å"Fifty Contemporary Choreographers†, Routledge (1999) 217 Michael Huxley and Noel Witts, â€Å"The Twentieth Century Performance Reader†, Routledge (2002) 38 Press (1994) 321 Randy Martin, â€Å"Performance As Political Act: The Embodied Self†, Praeger/Greenwood (2000) 91 Sally Banes , â€Å"Writing Dancing in the Age of Postmodernism â€Å",Wesleyan University Susan Leigh Foster, â€Å"Reading Dancing: Bodies and Subjects in Contemporary American†, University of California Press (1998) 209 [1] Michael Huxley and Noel Witts, â€Å"The Twentieth Century Performance Reader†, Routledge (2002) 38 [2] Martha Bremser, â€Å"Fifty Contemporary Choreographers†, Routledge (1999) 217 [3] Huxley and Witts, 38 [4] Susan Leigh Foster, â€Å"Reading Dancing: Bodies and Subjects in Contemporary American†, University of California Press (1998) 209 [5] Foster, 209. [6] Bremser, 217 [7] Sally Banes , â€Å"Writing Dancing in the Age of Postmodernism â€Å",Wesleyan University Press (1994) 321 [8] Foster, 209; Bremser, 217 [9] Julia L. Foulkes , â€Å"Modern Bodies: Dance and American Modernism from Martha Ailey†, UNC Press (2002)183 [10] Helen Thomas, â€Å"Dance, Modernity and Culture: Explorations in the Sociology of Dance†, Routledge (1995) 24 [11] Huxley and Witts, 38; Foulkes, 22 [12] Bremser, 217; Banes, 321 [13] Huxley and Witts, 38; Foulkes, 297, 300 [14] Randy Martin, â€Å"Performance As Political Act: The Embodied Self†, Praeger/Greenwood (2000) 91

Mexico Essays -- Geography Mexico Mexican History Essays

Mexico   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Southward from its 1,500 mile long border with the United States lies the Estados Unidos Mexicanos. A country with slightly more than 750,000 square miles in area, Mexico has a vast array of mineral resources, limited agricultural land, and a rapidly growing population. These factors are the basis for many of the country's present problems as well as opportunities for future development. The nation is struggling to modernize its economy. With more than 80 million people in the mid-1980s, Mexico's overall population density exceeds 110 per square mile. More than half of its inhabitants live in the country's central core, while the arid north and the tropical south are sparsely settled.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The stereotype of Mexico is that it is a country with a population consisting mainly of subsistence farmers has little validity. Petroleum and tourism dominate the economy, and industrialization is increasing in many parts of the nation. Internal migration from the countryside has caused urban centers to grow dramatically: more than two thirds of all Mexicans now live in cities. Mexico City, with a metropolitan area population of approximately 16 million people, is the largest city in the world. While still low by United States standards, the nation's gross national product per capita rose significantly during the 1970s. Despite impressive social and economic gains, since 1981 Mexico has been wracked by severe inflation and an enormous foreign debt brought on in large part by precipitous declines in the value of petroleum products.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Geologically, Mexico is located in one of the Earth's most dynamic areas. It is a part of the "Ring of Fire," a region around the Pacific Ocean highlighted by active volcanism and frequent seismic activity. Within the context of plate tectonics, a theory developed to explain the creation of major landform features around the world, Mexico is situated on the western, or leading, edge of the huge North American Plate. Its interaction with the Pacific, Cocos, and Caribbean plates has given rise over geologic time to the Earth- building processes that created most of Mexico. Towering peaks, like Citlaltepetl at some 18,000 feet, are extremely young in geologic terms and are examples of the volcanic forces that built much of central Mexico. The spectacular eruption of the volcano Chinchon in 1981 w... ...ch of central and southern Mexico and had established their capital at Tula in the Mesa Central. They also built the city of Teotihuacan near present-day Mexico City. At about the same time, the Zapotecs controlled the Oaxaca Valley and parts of the Southern Highlands. The cities they built at Mitla and Monte Alban remain, though they were taken over by the Mixtecs prior to the arrival of the Spanish. When the Spanish arrived in central Mexico, the Aztecs controlled most of the Mesa Central through a state tribute system that extracted taxes and political servility from conquered tribal groups. The Aztecs migrated into the Mesa Central from the north and fulfilled a tribal prophesy by establishing a city where an eagle with a snake in its beak rested on a cactus. This became the national symbol of Mexico and adorns the country's flag and official seal. The Aztecs founded the city of Tenochtitlan in the early 1300s, and it became the capital of their empire. The Tlaxcalans to the east, the Tarascans on the west, and the Chichimecs in the north were outside the Aztec domain and frequently warred with them. The nation's name derives from the Aztecs' war god, Mexitli.

Religion and Diversity Management

Diversity Management Why is it important for an organization to have a clear definition of diversity? What organizations can you identify that exemplify each of the diversity management paradigms: resistance, discrimination-and-fairness, access-and-legitimacy, and integration-and-learning? It is important for an organization to have a clear definition of diversity, because without it an organization the organization would not be able to get behind the notion of diversity in the organization and also allow the organization to move forward and determine what is expected from management and other associates of the organization.With a clear definition of diversity it will enable the organization to hiring and retaining top talent, have new perspectives and approaches in solving problems, and improved relationships with other outside the organization that provide a service to the organization. The organization that I can identify that exemplify each of the diversity management paradigms i t the U. S. Armed Forces because virtually every possible ethnic and religious group is represented. The Armed Forces tries to judge it people by his or her performance and not by race, color, religion or gender.The Armed Forces exemplify the discrimination and fairness paradigm by which that it don’t assimilate diversity in the organization without acknowledging there is a difference, which would cause some of the organization to ignore diversity while others attempt to work with it, which would cause un-unity and weaken the force. Also the use of the access and legitimacy paradigm plays a great part of the unity because as the people felt more comfortable dealing with people who look like they do (uniforms). I believe that gave the organization immediate access to different demographic groups to be gel into one strong unified force.

Is Gambling a Social Problem Essay

Gambling is an act of playing for stakes in the hope of winning. It also involves a significant risk as the material good (usually money) wagered in the game may be lost if the player does not win. Common forms of gambling include cockfighting (which usually results in the death of one or both roosters), casinos (which has become a profitable business), slot machines (convenient for those who want to play individually), bookmaking (often used for predicting the winners of sports competitions), and caracruz (simplest form of gambling which has existed since ancient history). There is an ongoing debate among social scientists, psychologists, business lobby groups, and others on the benefits and dangers of gambling. Some anti-gambling social activists argue that gambling is a serious social problem, while others argue that gambling problem is a problem of certain individuals who suffer from psychological ills and that in certain circumstances gambling on the contrary is a significant source of income (for example, for Native American tribes). Gambling Is a Social Problem ?Gambling is associated with a range of social issues and thus needs to be designated as a social problem. According to research on the topic, there is a correlation between various social problems and gambling. For example, Hardoon et al. , point out in their study that gambling problem among adolescents they studied stemmed from the lack of healthy familial and peer support, drug use problems, behavioral problems, problems related to family issues, and the parental gambling problems as well as their substance abuse. According to Hardoon et al. , there is a significant familial contribution to gambling problems. Read more:  Ã‚  Essays on Social Issues Many of their respondents said that their elder siblings had a strong influence in their decisions to experience gambling. Many of the respondents who suffered from gambling problems said that their parents themselves were problem gamblers. The study by Hardoon et al. , also points out that children of problem gamblers suffered from insecurity and a sense of â€Å"pervasive loss† (170). They also argue that gambling problem among parents leads to various kinds of familial dysfunctioning, including drug addiction, conduct problems, and delinquency. Hardoon et al. , also point out that there is a connection between gambling and substance use. â€Å"Compared to nongamblers,† they write, â€Å"adolescent gamblers are more likely to drink alcohol, smoke tobacco, and use drugs† (171). Gamblers are three times more likely to use drugs than non-gamblers. Gambling and substance use problems among adolescents often leads to delinquency and illegal behavior. Adolescents suffering from serious gambling problems are also likely to experience difficulty in school such as decreased academic performance and poor grades. More than half of the problem gamblers Hardoon et al. , studied suffered from conduct problems as well. They were more likely to break rules, get into troubles with individuals in authority, frequently display oppositional behavior, and join anti-social activities (171). This study in general demonstrates that the gambling problem is part of larger social issues and there is a clear correlation between gambling and various social problems. Another study on the impact of gambling on college students suggests that about 1. 6% of the U. S. dult population meets the diagnostic criteria for pathological gambling (Level 1), and 3,85% reportedly suffer from subclinical (Level 2) gambling problems. Among college students, the rate of gambling problem on both levels is twice as high as it is among the general adult population. There are significant social and health-related problems associated with adolescent gambling problems. Adolescents and young adults addicted to gambling suffer from serious stress-related problems. Many of them attempt and even complete suicides. Among these adolescents and young adults, the rate of disorderly familial relationships is much higher. There is a higher rate of comorbidity with other addictive disorders, and there are more frequent instances among these adolescents and young adults of arrests and convictions. The study concludes that â€Å"social norms–based social marketing campaigns (emphasizing accurate descriptive norms for alcohol) to successfully reduce alcohol use on campus† needs to be reworked and applied for combating gambling problems among college students (Larimer & Neighbors 241-242). This is another testament to the fact that gambling is a social problem and that the way to reduce it is to employ tools which are used for combating other social problems. Illuminating in this case is the experience of Native American tribes in the United States. With the passing of the Indian Gaming Regulatory Act (IGRA) in 1988, which mandated legislative basis for managing and regulating Indian gaming, the number of casinos has sharply risen in Native American communities. As a result of this, one study of this phenomenon points out, Native Americans â€Å"are four to six times more likely to be pathological gamblers and two to five times more likely to be problem gamblers than non-Indians† (Momper 139). The study also cites poverty, unemployment, and historical injustice as factors that contribute to the development of gambling problems among indigenous groups. According to this study, there is a similar correlation between the practice of excessive gambling and predisposition to other social and behavioral problems such as alcoholism, drug use, and disruptive behavior among Native American groups—but in significantly higher numbers than it is among non-Indians in the United States. Gambling is Not a Social Problem ?While it is true that gambling addiction, just like any other addictive behaviors such as alcohol addiction or drug addiction, is a social problem, gambling itself is not a social problem. Participants of gambling make conscious decisions and they have the freedom to stop the practice whenever they think it is detrimental to their financial, psychological, and social conditions. For example, in the year 1999 the National Gambling Impact Study Commission surveyed the U. S. opulation and found out that 86% of Americans had gambled some time in their lives, and that 68% gambled in 1999 alone (Seligman 86). Out of this large segment of the population who regularly gamble, only a tiny percentage of the population suffers from serious gambling problems. ?Discussions over the use of gambling are sometimes controversial because it is one of the businesses in America which has a bad reputation, on the one hand, and is so popular that more and more Americans are demanding gambling opportunities, on the other. Due to its popularity, gambling has been legalized in all states except Hawaii, Tennessee, and Utah. Residents of these states also gamble, by traveling to other states or by taking advantage of online gambling opportunities. Total wagering in the Unites States is around $900 billion a year (constituting 10% of personal income), and the lion’s share of wagering takes place in casinos ($600 billion). And casinos now exist in twenty nine states. But these are official figures and unofficially the extent of gambling among Americans is likely to be much higher (Seligman 87). Gambling in the United States is a legitimate form of business, and designating it a social problem would necessitate that we label other legitimate forms of business as social problems as well. As Seligman points out, â€Å"Wall Street offers plenty of bets with risk/reward opportunities that mirror those of slot machines—a long shot with occasional huge payout. Buying out-of-the-money puts on an airline stock just before a union vote would fall in that category. If the members unexpectedly vote against wage concessions, you could make a killing on the bankruptcy† (Seligman 89). Some critics of gambling who criticize it from an economic perspective, say that, while gambling consumes time, energy, and resources, it does not produce any real output. But that argument can be used against most kinds of financial transactions and speculating, both of which are acceptable, and in today’s world, necessary components of international financing. As for the charge that problem gambling leads to comorbidity with other social problems such as alcohol abuse and drug use, more research is required to determine the nuances of this connection. Does excessive gambling lead to alcohol abuse or is it the way around? If it is the former, then it is the problem of gambling addiction which needs to be labeled a social problem and remedied. If it is the latter, then it is the problem of alcoholism rather than gambling because alcohol abusers have more than one way of ruing their lives (gambling is not their only option), and even here the issue is the abusive consumption of alcohol, not alcohol consumption in general. Those who see gambling as a social problem ignore the fact that gambling may—and in many cases it does—lead to positive social outcomes. This is generally the case in the Indian reservations in the U. S. As Momper points out, an IGRA passage which aimed at encouraging gambling on reservations for the purpose of raising the standards of living on the poorest reservations â€Å"was the only federal policy that produced lasting effects for tribes, inasmuch as the unemployment rate (38 percent) on 214 reservations with casinos decreased by 13 percent from 1989 to 1995. Even if one takes into account the increase in the number of problem gamblers, other social and economic gains from casinos on reservations greatly outweighed the negative consequences of this business. In addition to creating jobs, casinos on reservations provided the American Indian community with various social services and strengthened their social bonds (Momper 142; Cornell et al. , 1998). While it is true that gambling addiction as increased among American Indian residents as a result of building casinos, in many instances improvements in standards of living took many of them out of poverty, decreasing the rate of behavioral problems and anti-social activities. ?In summary, both proponents of gambling-is-a-social-problem thesis and their opponents have strong arguments at hand. The debate is likely to continue without being resolved as it is a controversial topic and gambling among the U. S. population leads to mixed results: both positive and negative.

Battle of the Basque Roads in the Napoleonic Wars

Battle of the Basque Roads in the Napoleonic Wars Battle of the Basque Roads - Conflict Dates: The Battle of the Basque Roads was fought April 11-13, 1809, during the Napoleonic Wars (1803-1815). Fleets Commanders British Admiral Lord James GambierCaptain Thomas Cochrane11 ships of the line, 7 frigates, 6 brigs, 2 bomb vessels French Vice Admiral Zacharie Allemand11 ships of the line, 4 frigates Battle of the Basque Roads - Background: In the wake of the Franco-Spanish defeat at Trafalgar in 1805, the remaining units of the French fleet were distributed among Brest, Lorient, and Basque Roads (La Rochelle/Rochefort). In these ports they were blockaded by the Royal Navy as the British sought to prevent them from getting to sea. On February 21, 1809, the ships of the Brest blockade were driven off station by a storm allowing Rear Admiral Jean-Baptiste Philibert Willaumez to escape with eight ships of the line. Though the Admiralty was initially concerned that Willaumez intended to cross the Atlantic, the French admiral instead turned south. Gathering up five ships that had slipped out of Lorient, Willaumez put into Basque Roads. Alerted to this development, the Admiralty dispatched Admiral Lord James Gambier, along with the bulk of the Channel Fleet, to the area. Establishing a strong blockade of Basque Roads, Gambier soon received orders ordering him to destroy the combined French fleet and directed him to consider using fire ships. A religious zealot who had spent much of the previous decade ashore, Gambier frowned on the use of fire ships stating them to be a horrible mode of warfare and un-Christian. Battle of the Basque Roads -Cochrane Arrives: Frustrated by Gambiers unwillingness to move forward with an attack on Basque Roads, the First Lord of the Admiralty, Lord Mulgrave, summoned Captain Lord Thomas Cochrane to London. Having recently returned to Britain, Cochrane had established a record of successful and daring operations as a frigate commander in the Mediterranean. Meeting with Cochrane, Mulgrave asked the young captain to lead a fire ship attack into Basque Roads. Though concerned that more senior commanders would resent his appointment to the post, Cochrane agreed and sailed south aboard HMS Imperieuse (38 guns). Arriving at Basque Roads, Cochrane was warmly greeted by Gambier but found that the other more senior captains in the squadron were angered by his selection. Across the water, the French situation had recently changed with Vice Admiral Zacharie Allemand taking command. Assessing the dispositions of his ships, he moved them into a stronger defensive position by ordering them to form two lines just south of the Isle dAix. Here they were protected to west by the Boyart Shoal, forcing any attack to come from the northwest. As added defense, he ordered a boom constructed to guard this approach. Scouting the French position in Imperieuse, Cochrane advocated for immediately converting several transports into explosion and fire ships. A personal invention of Cochranes, the former were essentially fire ships packed with around 1,500 barrels of gunpowder, shot, and grenades. Though work moved forward on three explosion ships, Cochrane was forced to wait until twenty fire ships arrived on April 10. Meeting with Gambier, he called for an immediate attack that night. This request was denied much to Cochranes ire (Map) Battle of the Basque Roads - Cochrane Strikes: Spotting the fire ships offshore, Allemand ordered his ships of the line to strike topmasts and sails to reduced the amount of exposed flammable material. He also ordered a line of frigates to take position between the fleet and the boom as well as deployed a large number of small boats to tow away approaching fire ships. Despite having lost the element of surprise, Cochrane received permission to attack that night. To support the attack, he approached the French anchorage with Imperieuse and the frigates HMS Unicorn (32), HMS Pallas (32), and HMS Aigle (36). After nightfall, Cochrane led the attack forward in the largest explosion ship. His plan called for the use of two explosion ships to create fear and disorganization which was to be followed by an attack using the twenty fire ships. Sailing forward with three volunteers, Cochranes explosion ship and its companion breached the boom. Setting the fuse, they departed. Though his explosion ship detonated early, it and its companion caused great consternation and confusion among the French. Opening fire on the spots where the explosions occurred, the French fleet sent broadside after broadside into their own frigates. Returning to Imperieuse, Cochrane found the fire ship attack in disarray. Of the twenty, only four reached the French anchorage and they inflicted little material damage. Unknown to Cochrane, the French believed all of the approaching fire ships to be explosion ships and frantically slipped their cables in an effort to escape. Working against a strong wind and tide with limited sails, all but two of the French fleet ended up running aground before dawn. Though initially incensed by the failure of the fire ship attack, Cochrane was elated when he saw the results at dawn. Battle of the Basque Roads - Failure to Complete the Victory: At 5:48 AM, Cochrane signaled Gambier that the bulk of the French fleet was disabled and that the Channel Fleet should approach to complete the victory. Though this signal was acknowledged, the fleet remained offshore. Repeated signals from Cochrane failed to bring Gambier to action. Aware that high tide was at 3:09 PM and that the French could refloat and escape, Cochrane sought to force Gambier to enter the fray. Slipping into Basque Roads with Imperieuse, Cochrane quickly became engaged with three grounded French ships of the line. Signaling Gambier at 1:45 PM that he was in need of assistance, Cochrane was relieved to see two ships of the line and seven frigates approaching from the Channel Fleet. On seeing the approaching British ships, Calcutta (54) immediately surrendered to Cochrane. As the other British ships came into action, Aquilon (74) and Ville de Varsovie (80) surrendered around 5:30 PM. With the battle raging, Tonnerre (74) was set afire by its crew and exploded. Several smaller French vessels were also burned. As night fell, those French ships that had been refloated retreated to the mouth of the River Charente. When dawn broke, Cochrane sought to renew the fight, but was incensed to see that Gambier was recalling the ships. Despite efforts to convince them to remain, they departed. Alone again, he was preparing Imperieuse for an attack on Allemands flagship Ocean (118) when a succession of letters from Gambier forced him to return to the fleet. Battle of the Basque Roads -Aftermath: The last major naval action of the Napoleonic Wars, the Battle of the Basque Roads saw the Royal Navy destroy four French ships of the line and a frigate. Returning to the fleet, Cochrane pressed Gambier to renew the battle but instead was ordered to depart for Britain with dispatches detailing the action. Arriving, Cochrane was hailed as a hero and knighted, but remained furious over the lost opportunity to annihilate the French. A Member of Parliament, Cochrane informed Lord Mulgrave that he would not vote for a motion of thanks for Gambier. This proved career suicide as he was prevented from returning to sea. As word moved through the press that Gambier had failed to do his utmost he sought a court-martial to clear his name. In a rigged result, where key evidence was withheld and charts altered, he was acquitted.

A Comparison Of A Certain Lady

A Comparison Of A Certain Lady The portrayal of women in literature has varied greatly as history has progressed. In the Jazz Age, women were seen as breaking free from being just a housewife and the shadow of a man. The flapper was a woman who closely resembles the women of today. She smoked, drank, wore revealing clothing for the time, and considered herself an equal to men. A woman who had a career that rivaled most men was Dorothy Parker. She was a founding member of the Vicious Circle meaning that some men even treated her as an equal during a time when women’s right were still new and the role of what was expected of a woman was changing. In the poems A Certain Lady, To a Lady, and The Lady’s Reward Parker explores the mind of a woman, and how said woman used what she had to get what she needed. The poem A Certain Lady depicts how a certain woman would act while a man told her of his exploits. The woman is expected to just listen and almost be happy that the man is having successful conquests. The woman is supposed to be passive and bat her eyes and be oblivious to the entire situation because historically women were thought of being not as intelligent as men. However in this poem it is obvious that the woman is extremely intelligent. The last two lines of the poems read, â€Å"And what goes on, my love, while you’re away, /You’ll never know.† It is obvious that the speaker knows how the man really is because it is implied that while he is away she has her own agenda. This also implies equality between them, at least in the speaker’s mind. The speaker believes that as the man is allowed to do as he pleases that she is equally as deserving to do the same. Despite this, the speaker seemed slightly upset at the man’s actions although she likely might be doing the same: And you laugh back, nor can you ever see The thousand little deaths my heart has diedà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Nor do you see my staring eyes of nights, And when, in se arch of novelty, you stray. The speaker definitely seems hurt by what this man is telling her. It is as though every time the man tells her of his conquests, a little piece of her heart dies. It seems like it is slowly crushing her. The speaker goes on to say that the man does not see her â€Å"staring eyes.† Perhaps this means that the man does not see what he is doing to her or even that she stares into the night wondering what he could be doing at that moment. It seems that the woman lives by the saying â€Å"ignorance is bliss.† It seems that as long as he is not telling her of his exploits. She can go on with her life and do as she pleases. As long as she pretends she is not intelligent she can have pretend happiness or continue to try filling a void that is cannot be filled. A poem that continues with the concept of the woman being intentionally ignorant to what is going on is To a Lady. However in this poem, the ignorance is used with a different motive.

General principles of contact Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

General principles of contact - Essay Example There is also an objective and subjective component. The objective test relies on whether or not an "independent observer, appraised of the background facts known to the parties, would consider there to have been an agreement, and if so what agreement".2 It is beneficial to reduce an agreement expressly, or in written form, where there will be little doubt to its existence and content or terms.3 Where there are doubts, however, the law uses a two-fold process of offer and acceptance.4 Firstly, an offer intends to make a contract. For an offer to be complete, there must be an intention, it must be communicated, and it must be certain and complete. No further steps are anticipated. "I accept" will form a contract. It will not be an offer if the offeree does not hear it from the offeror.5 The offer may be destroyed by withdrawal by the offeror, a lapse of time specified by the offeror, or at a reasonable time after being made, and also by being superseded by a subsequent offer (by offeror or offeree), or lastly being rejected by the offeree.6 Offers must be distinguished from an invitation to treat. An invitation to treat gives the offeree a chance to make an offer to purchase the item. Some examples include: Advertisements or shop displays.7 Unilateral offers are contracts where the acceptance and performance are simultaneous, and takes the form of: "If you do this then I promise that" (examples: rewards and tenders). The contract is unilateral because only the offeror is bound.8 Until the offeree performs, he/she has not accepted. When performance has happened, the offeree has nothing left to do.9 However, there are problems with unilateral offers. The normal rule is that you can revoke until communication of acceptance, which may lead to unfair results. The "Walking to York" example suggests that you must walk all the way to York in order to have accepted the unilateral contract. Thus, walking 80%, or partial walking, is not acceptance. Performance then must be complete or the offer can be revoked.10 Partial completio n, however, may give rise to quantum meruit, which allows for the offeror to revoke the offer but to award the offeree a reasonable value for the time and effort he has put in up to the time of revocation. It is usually imposed to avoid the unjust enrichment of one party at the expense of another. For there to be a valid acceptance of an offer, there must be a mirror image of the offer without adding anything new.11 The communication of acceptance must be expressly or impliedly dictated.12 Silence is not acceptance.13 In order for a contract to be considered binding there must be consideration. The Pollock definition of consideration is: "An act or forbearance of one party, or the promise thereof is the price for which the promise of the other is bought, and the promise thus given for vale is enforceable." There must be a benefit - detriment component to show a causal link. The case of Thomas v Thomas states that "consideration means something which is of some value in the eye of the law, moving from the plaintiff to defendant. It may be some benefit to the plaintiff or some detriment to the defendant".14 More specifically, however, the formation of a straightforward civil engineering contract follows a similar process. It may proceed in the following stages: invitation to tender; tender or